Table Of ContentPreface Acknowledgments Abbreviations 1. Illumination Early Injuid Illumination Il-Khanid Illumination Late Injuid Illumination The Evidence of Injuid and Il-Khanid Metalwork The Issues of Patronage The Sahih of the Vizier Qutbuddin Sulaymanshah A Change in Aesthetics: Illuminated Muzaffarid Manuscripts The Illumination of the Fars Malik Khatun Qur?an The Development of the Mazuffarid Style Manuscripts of the Late 1350s and 1360s The Decoration of Contemporary Metalwork The Impetus for Change The Blue-and-Gold Floral Style following the Demise of the Muzaffarids Illumination under the Jaybirds Iskandar Sultan in Shiraz and Isfahan The Illuminated Manuscripts of Iskandar Sultan Iskandar Sultan?s Role as a Patron of Manuscripts A Time of Change: From Ibrahim Sultan to the End of Timurid Rule in Shiraz The Emergence of a New Illumination Style The Introduction of a New Type of Paper The Illuminations of Ibrahim Sultan and Baysunghur Changes in the Manuscript Industry: Production and Patronage Illumination in the Years Following the Demise of Timurid Control of Shiraz 2. Codicology Textblock Format The Standard Format The Three-Sided Marginal Column Format The One-Sided Marginal Column Format Placement of Textblock on the Folio The Size and Proportions of Folios and Textblocks Folio Area Folio and Textbook Proportions: Height to Width Ratios Paper Production Paper of Laid Construction Paper of Wove Construction Flocculency of Paper Paper Color Paper Thickness Sizing and Burnishing ?Wove-Like? Paper in Manuscripts of the Period 839-48 / 1435-36 to 1444-45 3. Illustration An Overview of Shiraz Styles The Basic Shirazi Mode of Painting Injuid Paintings Muzaffarid-Style Paintings Paintings of the Early Timurid, Pre-Iskander Era Paintings of Iskandar Sultan Paintings from the Time of Ibrahim Sultan to 1452 Modes of Illustration Ettinghausen?s Literary Model for the Categorization of Persian Painting The Case of Ibrahim Sultan?s Shahnama The Layout of the Folio: The Integration of Text and Image The Shahnama Manuscripts of Baysunghur and Ibrahim Sultan Folio Layout in Other Manuscripts of the Fourteenth and Early Fifteenth Centuries The Selection of Illustrations 4. Calligraphy The Evolution of Nasta?liq Script Persian Hanging Scripts The Distringuishing Traits of Naskh and Nasta?liq The Method of Analysis The Corpus of Manuscripts Results of the Script Analysis Interpretation Supporting Documentation An Overview of the Development of Natsa?liq 5. Bookbinding Construction Decoration Binding Decoration in the Fourteenth Century Binding Decoration in the First Decade of the Fifteenth Century Shiraz versus Herat: Bindings from the Time of Ibrahim Sultan and Baysunghur The Tooled Bindings of Shiraz 6. A Chronological Overview The Origins of the Classical Persian Manuscript: Changes of the Late 1350s and 1360s The Cultural and Political Milieu of Fourteenth-Century Shiraz Shiraz as a Center of Innovation The Period of Change under Iskandar Sultan The Decade of Change Following the Death of Ibrahim Sultan Conclusion Appendixes 1. Textblock Formats 2. Shahnama Translations 3. The Distribution of Text Illustrations in Shahnama Manuscripts 4. Script Analysis Tables for Individual Manuscripts 5. Manuscripts and Single Folios Cited Notes Bibliography Index
SynopsisThe Look of the Book assesses the role of the city ofShiraz in Iranian book production between the early fourteenth andmid-fifteenth centuries. It is the first detailed analysis of allaspects of the book - illumination, codicology, illustration,calligraphy, and binding - during this significant era when thelook of the book was transformed. Four periods of change areidentified: the years following 1340 until the end of Injuid rule inShiraz; the later 1350s and the 1360s, during Muzaffarid rule; theyears from 1409 to 1415, when the Timurid prince Iskandar Sultan wasgovernor of Shiraz; and the decade (1435-45) following the deathof Ibrahim Sultan, Iskandar's cousin and successor as governor.Although the focus is Shiraz, the author's comparative andchronological approach to the material means production elsewhere inIran is also considered, while the results of the study increase ourunderstanding of the history and development of the arts of the booknot only in Shiraz, or even Iran as whole, but also in other centers ofthe Islamic world that followed the Iranian model. Highlights of this book, which is heavily illustrated with exquisiteilluminated manuscript pages, are its examination of illumination, anoverlooked area of book production; the codicological aspects of themanuscripts, including paper and text layout; and the development ofnasta'liq script. The manuscripts studied are held in more thanfifty collections, primarily those in Dublin (Chester Beatty Library),Istanbul (Topkapi Palace Library and Museum of Turkish and IslamicArts), London (British Library), Oxford (Bodleian Library), Paris(Bibliothèque Nationale de France), and Washington, DC (Freer andSackler Galleries of the Smithsonian Institution)., The Look of the Book assesses the role of the city of Shiraz in Iranian book production between the early fourteenth and mid-fifteenth centuries. It is the first detailed analysis of all aspects of the book--illumination, codicology, illustration, calligraphy, and binding--during this significant era when the "look of the book" was transformed. Four periods of change are identified: the years following 1340, until the end of Injuid rule in Shiraz; the later 1350s and the 1360s, during Muzaffarid rule; the years from 1409 to 1415, when the Timurid prince Iskandar Sultan was governor of Shiraz; and the decade (1435-45) following the death of Ibrahim Sultan, Iskandar's cousin and successor as governor. Although the focus is Shiraz, the author's comparative and chronological approach to the material means production elsewhere in Iran is also considered, while the results of the study increase our understanding of the history and development of the arts of the book not only in Shiraz, or even Iran as whole, but also in other centers of the Islamic world that followed the Iranian model. Highlights of this book, which is heavily illustrated with exquisite illuminated manuscript pages, are its examination of illumination, an overlooked area of book production; the codicological aspects of the manuscripts, including paper and text layout; and the development of nasta'liq script. The manuscripts studied are held in more than fifty collections, primarily those in Dublin (Chester Beatty Library), Istanbul (Topkapi Palace Library and Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts), London (British Library), Oxford (Bodleian Library); Paris (Biblioth que Nationale de France); and Washington, DC (Freer and Sackler Galleries of the Smithsonian Institution)., Assesses the role of the city of Shiraz in Iranian book production between the early fourteenth and mid-fifteenth centuries., The Look of the Book assesses the role of the city of Shiraz in Iranian book production between the early fourteenth and mid-fifteenth centuries. It is the first detailed analysis of all aspects of the book--illumination, codicology, illustration, calligraphy, and binding--during this significant era when the "look of the book" was transformed. Four periods of change are identified: the years following 1340, until the end of Injuid rule in Shiraz; the later 1350s and the 1360s, during Muzaffarid rule; the years from 1409 to 1415, when the Timurid prince Iskandar Sultan was governor of Shiraz; and the decade (1435-45) following the death of Ibrahim Sultan, Iskandar's cousin and successor as governor. Although the focus is Shiraz, the author?s comparative and chronological approach to the material means production elsewhere in Iran is also considered, while the results of the study increase our understanding of the history and development of the arts of the book not only in Shiraz, or even Iran as whole, but also in other centers of the Islamic world that followed the Iranian model. Highlights of this book, which is heavily illustrated with exquisite illuminated manuscript pages, are its examination of illumination, an overlooked area of book production; the codicological aspects of the manuscripts, including paper and text layout; and the development of nasta?liq script. The manuscripts studied are held in more than fifty collections, primarily those in Dublin (Chester Beatty Library), Istanbul (Topkapi Palace Library and Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts), London (British Library), Oxford (Bodleian Library); Paris (Bibliothèque Nationale de France); and Washington, DC (Freer and Sackler Galleries of the Smithsonian Institution)., The Look of the Book assesses the role of the city of Shiraz in Iranian book production between the early fourteenth and mid-fifteenth centuries. It is the first detailed analysis of all aspects of the book--illumination, codicology, illustration, calligraphy, and binding--during this significant era when the "look of the book" was transformed. Four periods of change are identified: the years following 1340, until the end of Injuid rule in Shiraz; the later 1350s and the 1360s, during Muzaffarid rule; the years from 1409 to 1415, when the Timurid prince Iskandar Sultan was governor of Shiraz; and the decade (1435-45) following the death of Ibrahim Sultan, Iskandar's cousin and successor as governor. Although the focus is Shiraz, the author's comparative and chronological approach to the material means production elsewhere in Iran is also considered, while the results of the study increase our understanding of the history and development of the arts of the book not only in Shiraz, or even Iran as whole, but also in other centers of the Islamic world that followed the Iranian model. Highlights of this book, which is heavily illustrated with exquisite illuminated manuscript pages, are its examination of illumination, an overlooked area of book production; the codicological aspects of the manuscripts, including paper and text layout; and the development of nasta'liq script. The manuscripts studied are held in more than fifty collections, primarily those in Dublin (Chester Beatty Library), Istanbul (Topkapi Palace Library and Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts), London (British Library), Oxford (Bodleian Library); Paris (Bibliothèque Nationale de France); and Washington, DC (Freer and Sackler Galleries of the Smithsonian Institution).